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Tuesday, March 10, 2009

Graphics processing unit

A graphics processing unit or GPU (also occasionally called visual processing unit or VPU) is a dedicated graphics rendering device for a personal computer, workstation, or game console. Modern GPUs are very efficient at manipulating and displaying computer graphics, and their highly parallel structure makes them more effective than general-purpose CPUs for a range of complex algorithms. A GPU can sit on top of a video card, or it can be integrated directly into the motherboard. More than 90% of new desktop and notebook computers have integrated GPUs, which are usually far less powerful than those on a video card.


Graphics accelerators
  • A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is a processor attached to a graphics card dedicated to calculating floating point operations and the like.
  • A graphics accelerator incorporates custom microchips which contain special mathematical operations commonly used in graphics rendering. The efficiency of the microchips therefore determines the effectiveness of the graphics accelerator. They are mainly used for playing 3D games or high-end 3D rendering.
  • A GPU implements a number of graphics primitive operations in a way that makes running them much faster than drawing directly to the screen with the host CPU. The most common operations for early 2D computer graphics include the BitBLT operation (combines several bitmap patterns using a RasterOp), usually in special hardware called a "blitter", and operations for drawing rectangles, triangles, circles, and arcs. Modern GPUs also have support for 3D computer graphics, and typically include digital video–related functions.






GPU companies

Many companies have produced GPUs under a number of brand names. In 2008, Intel, NVIDIA and AMD/ATI were the market share leaders, with 49.4%, 27.8% and 20.6% market share respectively. However, those numbers include Intel's very low-cost, less powerful integrated graphics solutions as GPUs. Discounting those numbers, NVIDIA and AMD control nearly 100% of the market. VIA Technologies/S3 Graphics and Matrox also produce GPUs.

Monday, March 9, 2009

PRO EVOLUTION SOCCER 2009 (PES 09)

PRO EVOLUTION SOCCER 2009 (PES 09):

There are some information about PES 09............



Pro Evolution Soccer 2009
(abbreviated as PES 2009) is a football video game in the Pro Evolution Soccer series by Konami.

Gameplay

Gameplay has been changed for Pro Evolution Soccer 2009, with key additions to the Teamvision system, tactics change according to situation, off-the-ball fluency AI recognizing strategies that works accumulating data on an ongoing basis within Master League and League modes. Another new addition is the readjustments for ball movements. PES 2009 has new air resistance calculations for the trajectory of the ball. There are also new friction routines to affect ball movement in terms of ground conditions, backspin routines are calculated so that ball slows accordingly, and the bounce of the ball can be used more effectively: players can flick the ball up to tee a shot, or to lift it over a defender's trailing leg. If a player has the ability, they will be able to perform skillful turns. PES 2009 will also feature a new game mode called 'Become A Legend', much like EA Sports FIFA Series.



Licensed and Unlicensed Content

Leagues

The following leagues are fully licensed:

The following leagues are partially licensed:

  • Flag of England England League (Premier League) (2 clubs licensed, see below)
  • Flag of Spain Spanish League (La Liga) (11 clubs licensed, see below)
  • Flag of Italy Italian League (Lega Calcio Serie A TIM) (All clubs licensed, but the logo and name of the league are unlicensed)

Unlicensed clubs have real player names but use fake club names, badges and kits. These can be edited by the user.

However only the top tiers of Spanish, English, French, Dutch and Italian leagues are available in game.

Competitions

Konami has announced that they have obtained the rights to the UEFA Champions League for the next 4 years. Konami secured the exclusive rights to the UEFA Champions League for Pro Evolution Soccer 2009. Manchester United and Liverpool will be the licensed English clubs in PES 2009. Since the UEFA Champions League license does not include the rights to all the participating clubs and a number of licenses are held exclusively by EA Sports, not all Champions League clubs will be licensed in the game.

Club teams

The clubs from the Eredivisie, Ligue 1, Serie A and the following clubs will be fully licensed:

National teams

Teams in bold newly licensed for PES 2009:

Africa

Asia

Europe

South America

North America





Generic Teams

There is also a separate league with 18 generic teams (Team A,Team B etc.), which can be edited fully, like in the previous game. This is thought to be due to the fact that Konami failed to get the rights to the German Bundesliga, and is usually made into the Bundesliga or another league of one's preference by patch makers. However, most people use this to put their edited players into playable teams from the start instead of having to play through Master League to purchase them or alternatively edit the existing non-generic teams. This feature does not appear in the PS2 version of the game.

Stadiums

The following stadiums are included in the PS3, Xbox 360 and PC versions:

# Stadium Real Name Place Country Team
1 Konami Stadium Fictional Asia Flag of Japan None
2 Estádio da Luz
Europe Flag of Portugal S.L. Benfica
3 Estádio do Dragão
Europe Flag of Portugal F.C. Porto
4 Estádio José de Alvalade
Europe Flag of Portugal Sporting C.P.
5 Santiago Bernabéu
Europe Flag of Spain Real Madrid C.F.
6 Camp Nou
Europe Flag of Spain FC Barcelona
7 Orange Arena Amsterdam ArenA Europe Flag of the Netherlands AFC Ajax
8 Rogenbogen Platz Allianz Arena Europe Flag of Germany FC Bayern Munich and TSV 1860 München
9 Antlion Colosseum El Monumental South America Flag of Argentina River Plate
10 Ville Marie Stadium Fictional Europe Flag of Europe None
11 Bristol Mary Stadium Fictional Europe Flag of Europe None
12 Mohamed Lewis Stadium Fictional Africa Flag of the African Union None
13 Stockholm Arena Råsunda Europe Flag of Sweden AIK and Sweden
14 San Siro Stadio Giuseppe Meazza Europe Flag of Italy A.C. Milan and F.C. Internazionale Milano
15 Stadio Olimpico
Europe Flag of Italy Roma and Lazio
16 Stadio Olimpico di Torino
Europe Flag of Italy Juventus and Torino
17 Stade Louis II
Europe Flag of Monaco AS Monaco
18 Stade de France
Europe Flag of France France
19 Wembley Stadium
Europe Flag of England England

Demo

A playable demo became available for PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 and PC on October 2, 2008. Players are able to select from Manchester United, Liverpool, Real Madrid, Barcelona, Italy and France for a full five minute exhibition match with a multi-player option.

The demo also includes promotional videos detailing the new game's "Become a Legend" and online "Legends" modes, which see the player controlling just one player within a team and attempting to forge a career in football. Starting as a promising 17-year-old, players must force their way into the first team and produce a series of blistering performances which will ultimately result to a move to one of Europe's biggest sides. Or, on the flip side, poor performances can see a player struggling in the lower leagues and eventually being released.

Updates

Version 1.10

Patch version 1.10 was released as scheduled at 07:00 BST on October 23, 2008 to correct issues that have affected user save data in various modes of "Pro Evolution Soccer 2009" including the PS3 and PC versions.

Version 1.20

Patch version 1.20 was released on November 28, 2008. The patch updated kits and team rosters for four Spanish sides including Atletico Madrid, Sevilla, Racing Santander and Valladolid - all being officially licensed. It also updated the kits and team rosters of many teams within the game to match those registered by teams at the close of the summer transfer window (August 31st 2008). The UEFA Champions League mode was also updated, with twelve more teams added to the club list, with proper UEFA Champions League kits and kit markings added. Amongst the teams fully updated within this mode are Marseille, Juventus, and Basel. The following new features added by this update file include "Replay Upload" and "Theatre of Legends" for Legends Mode, and a new "Download" feature in the "System Settings", used for updating various game data.

Version 1.30

Patch version 1.30 was released on the 17th February 2009, after the January Transfer window. The patch includes updated transfers, player statistics and over 200 new players.



Pro Evolution Soccer 2009

Developer(s) Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo
Publisher(s) Konami
Series Pro Evolution Soccer
Platform(s) PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, PlayStation Portable, PlayStation 2, Wii, Microsoft Windows, Mobile


Release date(s) EU October 17, 2008

NA November 12, 2008

Genre(s) Sports
Mode(s) Single-player, Multiplayer
Media Blu-ray Disc, DVD, UMD, JAR (file format)
Input methods Gamepad, Keyboard, XBox 360 Controller, SixAxis, DualShock 3, Wii Remote, Nunchuk